<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ertan \u00dcNAL<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Mart 2006<\/p>\n\n\n\n
DEM\u0130RYOLU SAVA\u015e\u00c7ILARI<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Bu y\u0131l 150. kurulu\u015f y\u0131ld\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc kutlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z demiryolu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n\u0131n dedeleri Kurtulu\u015f Sava\u015f\u0131’n\u0131n zaferle sonu\u00e7lanmas\u0131na canlar\u0131yla, kanlar\u0131yla ve becerileriyle katk\u0131da bulunmu\u015flard\u0131. Ama \u00fclkemizde hala ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bir demiryollar\u0131 tarihi yaz\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, kahramanlar da tevazular\u0131ndan g\u00f6lgede kalmay\u0131 tercih ettiklerinden bug\u00fcne kadar isimleri pek duyulmad\u0131, yaz\u0131lmad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Onlar aras\u0131nda silaha sar\u0131l\u0131p d\u00fc\u015fmana kar\u015f\u0131 koyanlar oldu\u011fu gibi, lokomotifini kur\u015fun ya\u011fmuru alt\u0131nda hatt\u0131 kesen d\u00fc\u015fman s\u00fcvarilerinin ya da asilerin \u00fczerine s\u00fcren, d\u00fc\u015fman u\u00e7aklar\u0131n\u0131n bombard\u0131man\u0131ndan trenini kurtarmak i\u00e7in hayat\u0131n\u0131 ortaya koyan, lokomotifle ke\u015fif gezisi yap\u0131p d\u00fc\u015fman g\u00f6zleyen ve bir defas\u0131nda 32 \u015fehit birden verenler de vard\u0131. D\u00fc\u015fman\u0131n tahrip etti\u011fi ve \u201c 20 g\u00fcnde onar\u0131lamaz \u201c denilen demiryolunu k\u00f6yl\u00fclerle birlikte 9 g\u00fcnde onar\u0131p hizmete sokan ve y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m gibi \u0130zmir’e do\u011fru ilerleyen ordunun cephane ve malzeme ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131layan da yine onlard\u0131! \u0130lk zaferin m\u00fcjdesini verenler de !…<\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n B\u00dcY\u00dcK Taarruz’un ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 26 A\u011fustos 1922 g\u00fcn\u00fc merkezi Konya’da bulunan Anadolu \u2013 Ba\u011fdat Demiryollar\u0131 Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne pe\u015fpe\u015fe iki telgraf birden ula\u015ft\u0131. \u201c Dakikal\u0131k gecikmesi idam\u0131 gerektirir \u201c kayd\u0131 bulunan ilk telgraf cepheden, Ba\u015fkomutan Mustafa Kemal’den geliyordu. Mustafa Kemal, telgraf\u0131nda B\u00fcy\u00fck Taarruz’un ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bildiriyor, \u00f6nceden kararla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan tedbirlerin al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 istiyordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0130kinci telgraf\u0131 ise Ankara’dan Naf\u0131a ( Bay\u0131nd\u0131rl\u0131k ) Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na vekalet eden Re\u015fat Bey \u00e7ekmi\u015fti. Re\u015fat Bey Umum ( Genel ) M\u00fcd\u00fcr Behi\u00e7 ( Erkin ) beye g\u00f6nderdi\u011fi telgrafta \u201c \u0130\u015fbu dakikada b\u00fct\u00fcn millet, \u015fimendiferlerimizi ve fedakar \u015fimendifercilerimizi Allah’tan sonra kahraman ordumuzun yegane muin-i zaferi ( biricik zafer yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 ) olarak g\u00f6rmektedir \u201c diyordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Bu telgraftaki ger\u00e7ek pay\u0131 \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fckt\u00fc. Kurtulu\u015f Sava\u015f\u0131’n\u0131n ba\u015flamas\u0131yla birlikte\u00a0 demiryolcular, di\u011fer vatanseverlerle birlikte b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u00f6zveriyle kurtulu\u015f i\u00e7in \u00e7aba harcam\u0131\u015flar, \u00f6zellikle \u00e7e\u015fitli cephelerdeki sava\u015flar s\u0131ras\u0131nda ordunun silah, malzeme ve yiyecek bak\u0131m\u0131ndan ikmali i\u00e7in \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc g\u00f6ze alarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015flard\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n G\u00d6REVDEN ALINDILAR<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011funun yenilgisiyle sonu\u00e7lanan Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131’n\u0131 bitiren Mondros m\u00fctarekesi ( Ge\u00e7ici ate\u015f kes antla\u015fmas\u0131 ) \u00fclkenin can damar\u0131 demiryollar\u0131 i\u00e7in de a\u011f\u0131r h\u00fck\u00fcmler getirmekteydi. Anla\u015fman\u0131n 15. maddesi b\u00fct\u00fcn demiryollar\u0131n\u0131n i\u015fgalcilerin h\u00fckm\u00fc alt\u0131na girmesini, Toros T\u00fcnellerinin de yine ayn\u0131 devletler taraf\u0131ndan i\u015fgalini \u00f6ng\u00f6rmekteydi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n O g\u00fcne kadar yabanc\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan i\u015fletilmekte olan demiryollar\u0131nda makas\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k, yol ameleli\u011fi gibi i\u015fler T\u00fcrklere verilmi\u015f, makinistler, hareket memurlar\u0131, istasyon \u015fefleri ise Rum ve Ermenilerden olu\u015fturulmu\u015ftu. Bu nedenle yabanc\u0131lar, T\u00fcrklerin demiryolllar\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131ramayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6ne s\u00fcr\u00fcyorlard\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0130\u015fgallerin ba\u015flamas\u0131yla birlikte \u0130zmir \u2013 Ayd\u0131n demiryolu ikiye b\u00f6l\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f, demiryolunun 255 kilometrelik \u0130zmir \u2013 Umurlu k\u0131sm\u0131 Yunan i\u015fgali alt\u0131nda \u0130ngilizler, 363 kilometrelik K\u00f6\u015fk \u2013 E\u011fridir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc ise Kuvay-\u0131 Milliye te\u015fkilat\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 g\u00f6revlilerce i\u015fletilmeye ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u0130ngilizler Haydarpa\u015fa \u2013 Eski\u015fehir hatt\u0131na elkoymu\u015flarsa da Kuvay-\u0131 Milliyenin bask\u0131s\u0131 nedeniyle Eski\u015fehir’den \u00e7ekilmek zorunda kalm\u0131\u015f, ama giderken yepyeni 13 lokomotifi ikiy\u00fcz vagonu, kasadaki 20 bin liray\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlardan az\u0131nl\u0131klara mensup ki\u015fileri de al\u0131p Arifiye’ye \u00e7ekilmi\u015flerdi. Di\u011fer i\u015fgal b\u00f6lgelerinde de ayn\u0131 durum tekrarlan\u0131rken, kimi istasyonlarda g\u00f6revli kalmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0130\u015fgal g\u00fc\u00e7leri bununla da yetinmeyerek 1919 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n \u015eubat ay\u0131nda y\u00fczlerce T\u00fcrk demiryolcunun g\u00f6revlerine son verdi. Kuvay-\u0131 Milliye b\u00f6lgesinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan az\u0131nl\u0131klara da \u201c \u0130\u015fi b\u0131rakma \u201c \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 yapt\u0131. Bu \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131ya \u00e7o\u011fu az\u0131nl\u0131k mensubu uydu, bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc ise T\u00fcrklerin yan\u0131nda kalmay\u0131 tercih etti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Demiryollar\u0131nda g\u00f6revli \u0130skender ( Sayg\u0131ner ) Beyin \u00e7abalar\u0131yla 1915 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u0130zmir’de\u00a0 a\u00e7\u0131lan ilk \u015eimendifer Okulu ve onu izleyen \u0130stanbul Ye\u015filk\u00f6y’deki \u015eimendifer Okulu mezunlar\u0131 bu hatlarda g\u00f6revlendirildiyse de bu ihtiyac\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamaktan uzakt\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n EL\u0130M\u0130ZDE KALAN DEM\u0130RYOLLARI<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Dr. Ali Satan\u0131n konu ile ilgili olarak TCDD Dergisinde yay\u0131nlanan ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131na g\u00f6re 1920 y\u0131l\u0131 ba\u015flar\u0131nda Milli g\u00fc\u00e7lerin kontrolundaki hatlar \u015f\u00f6yle s\u0131ralan\u0131yordu:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Arifiye \u2013 Eski\u015fehir \u2013 Ankara ( 485 km ), Eski\u015fehir \u2013 Afyon\u00a0 – Konya ( 441 km ) Konya \u2013 Kelebek ( 347 ) ve Afyon \u2013 U\u015fak\u00a0 (135 km).\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bu hatlar\u0131n baz\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131 sava\u015flar\u0131n seyrine g\u00f6re ge\u00e7ici olarak el de\u011fi\u015ftirecek, bu arada demiryolu sava\u015flar\u0131 da ya\u015fanacakt\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0130\u015fgal g\u00fc\u00e7leri taraf\u0131ndan i\u015flerine son verilen demiryolcular\u0131n bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc yeni kurulan d\u00fczenli orduya kat\u0131ld\u0131. Kalanlar\u0131 ise T\u00fcrk egemenli\u011findeki b\u00f6lgelere ge\u00e7erek burada sahipsiz kalm\u0131\u015f istasyonlarda g\u00f6rev yapmaya ba\u015flad\u0131lar. Bunlar g\u00f6rev bak\u0131m\u0131ndan \u00e7ok a\u011f\u0131r y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckler alt\u0131ndayd\u0131lar. Asker, silah ve cephane y\u00fckl\u00fc trenlerin b\u00f6lgelerinden ‘ salimen ‘ ge\u00e7i\u015fini sa\u011flamak , yolcu ula\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 da aksatmamak , Kurtulu\u015f Sava\u015f\u0131na kat\u0131lmak \u00fczere \u0130stanbul’dan ka\u00e7\u0131p Geyve’ye kadar gelebilenler, i\u00e7lerinde \u00f6nemli ki\u015filerin\u00a0 de bulundu\u011fu vatanseverleri trenle Ankara’ya g\u00f6ndermek, b\u00f6lgede kald\u0131klar\u0131 s\u00fcrece emniyetlerini sa\u011flamak ba\u015fl\u0131ca g\u00f6revlerini olu\u015fturuyordu. Ama bunlar\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda yine \u00f6nemli bir g\u00f6revleri vard\u0131 ki ihmali k\u00f6t\u00fc sonu\u00e7lar do\u011furabilirdi. B\u00f6lgede istihbarat yapmak, i\u015fgal g\u00fc\u00e7leriyle ilgili bir geli\u015fme olursa bunu yetkililere an\u0131nda bildirmek i\u00e7in \u00e7aba harc\u0131yorlard\u0131. Lokomotifi olan istasyonlarda lokomotif, d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131n hava sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131na\u00a0 a\u00e7\u0131k bir \u015fekilde olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen hatta gidip gelerek bir tahribat olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tespit etmekteydi. \u0130\u015fgal g\u00fc\u00e7lerinin yakla\u015f\u0131p yakla\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 da b\u00f6ylece belirleniyordu.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201cART\u00c7I G\u00d6REV\u0130 VER\u0130LM\u0130\u015eT\u0130 \u201c<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0130stasyon memurlar\u0131n\u0131n bir di\u011fer g\u00f6revi de \u201c Art\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k\u201d t\u0131. Bunun anlam\u0131 \u015fuydu: \u0130\u015fgal g\u00fc\u00e7lerinin ilerlemesi sonucu istasyonun bulundu\u011fu b\u00f6lgedeki halk\u0131n bo\u015falt\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekiyorsa bunu di\u011fer yetkililerle birlikte istasyondaki memurlar \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmleyecek, halk\u0131 t\u00fcm\u00fcyle trene bindirmeden istasyondan ayr\u0131lmayacakt\u0131. Bu g\u00f6revi yapabilmesi i\u00e7in de kendisine bir t\u00fcfek ve belirli miktarda mermi verilmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0130stasyon \u015feflerinin bu g\u00f6reve \u00f6rnek olarak \u00c7ivril’in i\u015fgali s\u0131ras\u0131nda ya\u015fanan bir olay g\u00f6sterilebilir: 15 Nisan 1921 g\u00fcn\u00fc d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131n Sand\u0131kl\u0131 il\u00e7esini i\u015fgal etmesi \u00fczerine \u00c7ivril’i de bo\u015faltmak i\u00e7in bir tren g\u00f6nderilmesi istenmi\u015fti. G\u00f6nderilen treni istasyon \u015fefi makas ba\u015f\u0131nda bekleyecek, il\u00e7e o ana kadar i\u015fgal edilmemi\u015fse hemen geri g\u00f6nderilecekti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0130stasyon \u015fefi Fad\u0131l ( Ayano\u011flu ) Bey, treni makas ba\u015f\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131lay\u0131p lokomotife bindi\u011fi anda iki s\u00fcvari’nin dolu dizgin istasyona do\u011fru geldi\u011fini g\u00f6rd\u00fc. Yunan askerleri , t\u00fcfeklerini makinist Mehmet Ali Beye \u00e7evirerek teslim olmas\u0131n\u0131 istedi. Mehmet Ali Bey, kalbine \u00e7evrili t\u00fcfeklere ald\u0131r\u0131\u015f etmeden d\u00fcd\u00fc\u011fe as\u0131ld\u0131. Hi\u00e7 durmadan \u00e7alan d\u00fcd\u00fck sesinden \u00fcrken atlar \u015fahlan\u0131p gerilerken, Mehmet Ali Bey treni geri hareket ettirdi. Bunun \u00fczerine s\u00fcvariler trene ate\u015f a\u00e7t\u0131lar. A\u00e7\u0131lan ate\u015fle istasyon \u015fefi kolundan yaralan\u0131rken, makinist treni i\u015fgal g\u00fc\u00e7lerine mensup di\u011fer askerler gelmeden olay yerinden uzakla\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131 ba\u015fard\u0131. Treni d\u00fc\u015fman elinden kurtarmay\u0131 ba\u015faran makinist Mehmet Ali Beyle istasyon \u015fefi Fad\u0131l Bey, bu ba\u015far\u0131lar\u0131 nedeniyle Bat\u0131 Cephesi Komutanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nca takdirname ile \u00f6d\u00fcllendirildiler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201c NAZ\u0130LL\u0130 NASIL BO\u015eALTILDI \u201c<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Yakla\u015fan d\u00fc\u015fman i\u015fgaline kar\u015f\u0131, Nazilli’nin tek ki\u015finin burnu bile kanamadan bo\u015falt\u0131lmas\u0131 demiryolcular\u0131n bir di\u011fer ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131na \u00f6rnektir. Bunu da o g\u00fcnleri ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f olan demiryolcu Murat Ergun’un kaleminden okuyal\u0131m:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201c … D\u00fc\u015fman\u0131n yakla\u015fmas\u0131 i\u015fletmemizin uyan\u0131k ve s\u0131k\u0131 bir ihtiyatta bulunmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektiriyordu. Nitekim \u00e7ok ge\u00e7meden halk\u0131n korku ve tela\u015f i\u00e7inde istasyona ak\u0131n etmesi \u015fehrin bo\u015falt\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 bir emirvaki haline getirdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00c7ok nazik anlar ge\u00e7iriyorduk. Binlerce ki\u015fi bir panik havas\u0131 i\u00e7inde istasyona do\u011fru ak\u0131n etmeye ba\u015flad\u0131. De\u011ferli ve \u00e7e\u015fitli \u00fcr\u00fcnler veren da\u011flar\u0131nda ya\u011f, ovalar\u0131ndan bal akan bu feyizli ve \u015firin yurtlar\u0131n\u0131,i\u00e7inde do\u011fup b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fckleri \u015fen yuvalar\u0131n\u0131, canlar\u0131n\u0131 ve namuslar\u0131n\u0131 korumak i\u00e7in terketmek zorunda kalan kad\u0131n, \u00e7ocuk ve ya\u015fl\u0131 erkekler heyecan ve tela\u015fla istasyona doluyor, bir kurtar\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n kuca\u011f\u0131na at\u0131l\u0131r gibi peronlarda haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f olan trenlere kendilerini at\u0131p yerle\u015fiyorlard\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Yolcu ve y\u00fck vagonlar\u0131 kapasitelerinin \u00e7ok \u00fcst\u00fcnde yolcu ile doluyor, bunun d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda basamaklar, fren kulubeleri ve vagon \u00f6rt\u00fcleri \u00fcst\u00fcnde yaralanlar trenlerin hareket ve seyirlerini zorla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yorlard\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00c7ok hazin ve t\u00fcyler \u00fcrpertici mah\u015ferden bir \u00f6rnek olan bu g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015f kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda vazifelilerin serinkanl\u0131l\u0131kla g\u00f6revlerini yapabilmeleri i\u00e7in \u00e7ok metin davranmalar\u0131 gerekirdi. Tutumumz da bu yolda idi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Te\u015fkilat\u0131m\u0131z bu ana baba g\u00fcn\u00fcnde b\u00fct\u00fcn takat ve tahamm\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00fc kullanarak iki \u00fc\u00e7 kademeli trenlerin kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 suretiyle nisbi bir d\u00fczen i\u00e7inde 6 makine ve 150 kadar vagonla 25 Haziran 1920 g\u00fcn\u00fc Nazilli’nin bo\u015falt\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131. \u201c<\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n AZINLIKLARIN DURUMU<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0130\u015fgal g\u00fc\u00e7lerinin \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131na uymay\u0131p T\u00fcrklerin yan\u0131nda yeralmay\u0131 tercih eden az\u0131nl\u0131klara mensup makinist ve ate\u015f\u00e7ilerden baz\u0131lar\u0131 da bu kahramanl\u0131k destan\u0131na katk\u0131da bulunurken , baz\u0131lar\u0131 can korkusuyla g\u00f6rev yapmak istememi\u015fler ama ‘ m\u00fcnasip bir \u015fekilde ‘ ikna edilmi\u015flerdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bunun bir \u00f6rne\u011fini yazar Turgut \u00d6zakman \u201c \u015eu \u00c7\u0131lg\u0131n T\u00fcrkler \u201c adl\u0131 eserinde \u015fiir gibi ak\u0131c\u0131 bir dille anlat\u0131r. Sakarya Sava\u015f\u0131 \u00f6ncesi 5. T\u00fcmen’in son alay\u0131n\u0131 ve t\u00fcmenin iki topunu ta\u015f\u0131yan uzun katar, lokomotifin odunu bitti\u011fi i\u00e7in Konya \u2013 Ak\u015fehir aras\u0131nda Kemrelik rampas\u0131nda durmak zorunda kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u00c7evrede yer alan ve ufka kadar uzanan bozk\u0131r da tek bir a\u011fa\u00e7 g\u00f6r\u00fcnm\u00fcyordu. Askerlerin toplad\u0131klar\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131 \u00e7\u0131rp\u0131 ise bir i\u015fe yaram\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Tabur komutan\u0131 \u201c Deli \u201c nam\u0131yla tan\u0131nan Y\u00fczba\u015f\u0131 Zekeriya Alay Komutan\u0131na giderek vagonlar\u0131n bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn ah\u015fap k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n s\u00f6k\u00fclerek yak\u0131t olarak kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nerdi. Bu fikri duyunca \u00e7ok sevinen alay komutan\u0131 hemen uygulatt\u0131. Ancak Rum makinist \u201c Bu tahtalarla olmaz, s\u00fcnger ta\u015f\u0131na d\u00f6nm\u00fc\u015f bunlar \u201c diye itiraz edip duruyordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bundan sonras\u0131n\u0131 \u00d6zakman’\u0131n sat\u0131rlar\u0131ndan birlikte okuyal\u0131m:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201c Y\u00fczba\u015f\u0131 Zekeriya beklenilmez bir sukunetle tabancas\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ekti. Namlusunu adam\u0131n iki ka\u015f\u0131 aras\u0131na dayad\u0131, emniyetini a\u00e7t\u0131:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201c Onbe\u015f dakika sonra yola \u00e7\u0131kaca\u011f\u0131z. Anlad\u0131n m\u0131 \u00e7orbac\u0131 ?<\/p>\n\n\n\n Makinist \u00e7ok iyi anlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Ate\u015f\u00e7iye oca\u011f\u0131 canland\u0131rmas\u0131 i\u00e7in ardarda emir ya\u011fd\u0131rd\u0131. Kazan istim tutar tutmaz hareket ettiler. \u0130lk istasyonda durup Ak\u015fehir’e demiryolu telgraf\u0131 ile bilgi verip yola devam edeceklerdi.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bu olay\u0131n bir e\u015fi de U\u015fak’ta ya\u015fanacakt\u0131. \u0130zmit \u2013 Bolu ve havalisi milli kuvvetler komutan\u0131 iken hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 nedeniyle bu g\u00f6revden istifa eden ve U\u015fak’a dinlenmeye gelen Ku\u015f\u00e7uba\u015f\u0131 E\u015fref Bey, U\u015fak cephesinin bozuldu\u011funu ve d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131n gelmekte oldu\u011funu \u00f6\u011frenince adamlar\u0131n\u0131 toplay\u0131p istasyona ko\u015fmu\u015f, burada bir yolcu treninin durdu\u011funu g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Ancak tren hareket etmiyordu. Rum makinist korkudan benzi sararm\u0131\u015f bir halde \u201c gitmem \u201c diyor, d\u00fc\u015fman ise herge\u00e7en an biraz daha yakla\u015f\u0131yordu. E\u015fref Bey, iki yaral\u0131 ile e\u015fini, o\u011flunu, kocas\u0131 cephede olan Saime Han\u0131m’\u0131 bir vagona bindirdikten sonra makinistin ba\u015f\u0131na Beylerbeyli Alaattin ad\u0131ndaki adam\u0131n\u0131 koyup tabanca tehdidi ile treni hareket ettirdi ve \u201c Olur olmaz yerde durmaya kalkarsa kur\u015funu s\u0131k\u201d dedi. Tren hareket ederken Ku\u015f\u00e7uba\u015f\u0131 E\u015fref Bey, d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamak \u00fczere istasyonda kal\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Az\u0131nl\u0131klara mensup g\u00f6revlilerin t\u00fcm\u00fc de tabanca tehdidi ile i\u015f yapmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Topra\u011f\u0131n\u0131 payla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 , ekme\u011fini yedi\u011fi, ayn\u0131 havay\u0131 soludu\u011fu insanlara ihanet etmeyen, onlar\u0131n kaderini payla\u015fan kimi gayrim\u00fcslimler de \u00fczerlerine d\u00fc\u015fen g\u00f6revi fazlas\u0131yla yapm\u0131\u015flard\u0131. Asilerin demiryolunu tahrip ve baz\u0131 istasyonlar\u0131 ya\u011fmalad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Konya isyan\u0131nda ya\u015fanan bir olay da buna \u00f6rnektir: Ayaklanmay\u0131 bast\u0131rmak \u00fczere\u00a0\u00a0 asker y\u00fckl\u00fc olarak yola \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan tren Konya istasyonuna yakla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman buran\u0131n da asiler taraf\u0131ndan elege\u00e7irilmi\u015f oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Bunun \u00fczerine makinist Hristo Aslanyadis ve iki ate\u015f\u00e7isi bir an bile geri d\u00f6nmeyi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeden , kur\u015fun ya\u011fmuruna tutulmalar\u0131na ra\u011fmen katar\u0131 ate\u015f hatt\u0131na kadar sokmay\u0131 ve asileri pani\u011fe u\u011fratmay\u0131 ba\u015farm\u0131\u015flard\u0131. \u0130stasyonda g\u00f6revli gayrim\u00fcslim memurlar\u0131n\u00a0 da, asilere g\u00f6nderilen yiyecek ve cephane malzemelerini \u201c Manevra \u201c ve tren tertibi bahanesiyle g\u00fcnlerce geciktirerek hareketlerine sekte vurduklar\u0131 belirlenmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n ESK\u0130\u015eEH\u0130R’E HAVA SALDIRISI<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n 11 Ocak 1921 g\u00fcn\u00fc demiryollar\u0131n\u0131n kilit noktas\u0131nda bulunan Eski\u015fehir Yunan sava\u015f u\u00e7aklar\u0131n\u0131n sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131na u\u011frad\u0131. \u00d6zellikle istasyonu hedef alan u\u00e7aklar\u0131n att\u0131\u011f\u0131 bombalar sonucu ortal\u0131k kar\u0131\u015f\u0131r, kimileri korku ile ka\u00e7\u0131\u015f\u0131rken, kimileri de vagonlar\u0131 bombalardan kurtarmak i\u00e7in lokomotifle ka\u00e7\u0131rmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yordu. Ad\u0131 bug\u00fcn bile bilinmeyen makinistin sa\u011f\u0131na , soluna d\u00fc\u015fen bombalardan , lokomotife isabet edip seken kur\u015funlardan korkusu yoktu. U\u00e7aklar, k\u0131sa s\u00fcren hava h\u00fccumundan sonra \u00e7ekip gittiler. O zaman sa\u011fl\u0131k i\u015fleri vagonunda bulunan eczac\u0131 Muhittin Efendi’nin \u015fehit oldu\u011fu, iki ki\u015finin yaraland\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u00e7ok say\u0131da vagonun da kullan\u0131lamayacak derecede hasar g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f oldu\u011fu belirlendi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bu s\u0131rada bir Yunan t\u00fcmeninin de bat\u0131dan kente yakla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6\u011frenilmesi \u00fczerine \u015fehrin bo\u015falt\u0131lmas\u0131na karar verildi. Bombard\u0131mandan kurtulan vagonlarla bir katar haz\u0131rland\u0131. G\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclebilecek durumdaki yaral\u0131lar bu trene al\u0131n\u0131rken, baz\u0131 doktorlar a\u011f\u0131r yaral\u0131larla birlikte kentte kald\u0131lar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Eski\u015fehir istasyonun bir \u00f6zelli\u011fi de burada bulunan tamirhaneydi. Burada \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan g\u00f6revliler d\u00fc\u015fman taraf\u0131ndan kamalar\u0131 s\u00f6k\u00fclerek i\u015fe yaramaz hale getirilmi\u015f T\u00fcrk toplar\u0131na kama yap\u0131yor, ar\u0131zal\u0131 ve eski t\u00fcfekleri onar\u0131yor, \u00e7elik art\u0131klar\u0131ndan k\u0131l\u0131\u00e7 \u00fcretiyor, tek kelime ile ordunun ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131ndan bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc kar\u015f\u0131lamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yordu. Bombard\u0131man s\u0131ras\u0131nda burada bulunan pek \u00e7ok alet de kullan\u0131lamayacak hale gelmi\u015fti. Sa\u011flam kalanlar trene y\u00fcklenirken, onar\u0131m i\u00e7in beklemekte olan bir lokomotifin de imhas\u0131na karar verildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Halide Onba\u015f\u0131, istasyon binas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcnde Mustafa Kemal’in yan\u0131ndayd\u0131. O’nun sapsar\u0131 kesilmi\u015f y\u00fcz\u00fcne bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman ne kadar \u00fczg\u00fcn oldu\u011funu anlad\u0131. Mustafa Kemal, \u00fcz\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc belli etmemeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015farak, \u00e7ift lokomotifli trenin hareketinden sonra hatt\u0131 tahrip edecek olan istihkam subaylar\u0131yla konu\u015fuyor, onlara son talimat\u0131 veriyordu:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Eski\u015fehir’den son tren gece yar\u0131s\u0131 sessiz, sedas\u0131z kalkt\u0131. Ba\u015fkomutan\u0131n s\u00f6zleri herkesin moralini d\u00fczeltmi\u015fti. Nitekim s\u00f6yledikleri de k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre sonra ger\u00e7ekle\u015fecekti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n 32 K\u0130\u015e\u0130 \u015eEH\u0130T OLDU<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Demiryolu insanlar\u0131n\u0131n fedakarl\u0131klar\u0131 hi\u00e7 bitmiyordu. \u0130\u015fletmenin paraca s\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131k oldu\u011fu d\u00f6nemlerde maa\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131\u015fl\u0131yordu. \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc Sava\u015flar\u0131 \u00f6ncesi yap\u0131lan maa\u015f ba\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131 da buna bir \u00f6rnektir. Ne yaz\u0131k ki \u00fclkemizde ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bir demiryollar\u0131 tarihi yaz\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan , sava\u015f\u0131n kahramanlar\u0131 g\u00f6lgede kalm\u0131\u015f, ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Polatl\u0131 da meydana gelen ve \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu demiryolcu 32 ki\u015finin \u015fehit oldu\u011fu olay kay\u0131plar listesine yeni isimler eklerken b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00fcz\u00fcnt\u00fcyle yola\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Sakarya Sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131n yenilgiyle sonu\u00e7lanmas\u0131ndan sonra d\u00fc\u015fman geri \u00e7ekilirken , Polatl\u0131 yak\u0131nlar\u0131nda yolu tahrip etmi\u015f, bir k\u00f6pr\u00fcy\u00fc de havaya u\u00e7urmu\u015ftu. Anadolu- Ba\u011fdat Demiryollar\u0131 Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc buraya demiryolu i\u015f\u00e7i ve m\u00fchendislerinden olu\u015fan bir ekip g\u00f6nderdi. Ekip \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken bir gece yar\u0131s\u0131 patlay\u0131c\u0131 madde y\u00fckl\u00fc vagonlardan biri fren bo\u015falmas\u0131 sonucu kontroldan \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bundan sonras\u0131n\u0131 onar\u0131m i\u00e7in g\u00f6revlendirilen i\u015fletmenin ilk demir yol m\u00fchendislerinden Behi\u00e7 ( Esemenli ) Bey \u015f\u00f6yle anlat\u0131yor:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201c O geceki toplant\u0131m\u0131zda ertesi g\u00fcn\u00fc ba\u015flayacak olan onar\u0131m i\u015finin g\u00f6rev taksimini yap\u0131yorduk. Birden kula\u011f\u0131ma tekerlek sesleri geldi. \u00d6nce drezin geliyor zannetmi\u015ftik. Az sonra dinamit vagonunun frenden kurtularak s\u00fcratle bize do\u011fru geldi\u011fini g\u00f6rmeyelim mi ! ! Vagonlardan atlay\u0131n ‘ diye ba\u011f\u0131rarak etrafa yay\u0131ld\u0131k.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Nitekim az sonra \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fma oldu. Dinamit y\u00fckl\u00fc vagon a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da duran yine dinamit y\u00fckl\u00fc vagona, o da g\u00f6revli i\u015f\u00e7ilerin bulundu\u011fu katara \u00e7arpt\u0131. Bunu\u00a0 m\u00fcthi\u015f bir patlama takip etti. Bir anda kol ve bacak par\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131 tepemizde g\u00f6r\u00fcr olduk. Sabaha kadar g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc ayd\u0131nlatan alevler nihayet kendili\u011finden s\u00f6nd\u00fc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201c BUNUN \u00dcZER\u0130NDE TREN \u0130\u015eLEYECEK M\u0130? \u201c<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Bu feci olayda maalesef 32 ki\u015fiyi kaybetmi\u015ftik. \u00d6\u011fleye do\u011fru \u015fehitlerimizi g\u00f6merek i\u015fe koyulduk. Ayn\u0131 g\u00fcn olay yerine gelen Erkan-\u0131 Harbiye-i Umumiye Reisi ( Genelkurmay ba\u015fkan\u0131 ) Fevzi ( \u00c7akmak) Pa\u015fa , ba\u015fsa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 diledikten sonra e\u011fri b\u00fc\u011fr\u00fc hale gelmi\u015f raylara bakt\u0131. B\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u00fcz\u00fcnt\u00fc i\u00e7inde bana \u201c Bunu \u00fczerinde tren i\u015fleyecek mi ? \u201c diye sordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201c Evet Pa\u015fam i\u015fleyecektir \u201c cevab\u0131n\u0131 verdim. Pa\u015fan\u0131n g\u00f6zlerinin \u00fcmitle parlad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnce ikinci sorusuna f\u0131rsat vermeden yapaca\u011f\u0131m i\u015fi izah ettim:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201c Evvela be\u015f kilometre h\u0131zla gidece\u011fiz . Yirmi g\u00fcn sonra da yirmi kilometre s\u00fcratle gidece\u011fiz. \u201c<\/p>\n\n\n\n Fevzi Pa\u015fa s\u0131rt\u0131m\u0131 ok\u015fayarak:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201c O\u011flum, \u201c dedi. \u201c Bize treni i\u015flet de istersen bir kilometre s\u00fcratle g\u00f6t\u00fcr…\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 M\u00fchendis Behi\u00e7 Bey, malzeme s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 \u00e7ekmesine ra\u011fmen Genel Kurmay Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Fevzi Pa\u015faya verdi\u011fi s\u00f6z\u00fc tuttu ve arkada\u015flar\u0131yla birlikte gece g\u00fcnd\u00fcz \u00e7al\u0131\u015farak hatt\u0131 k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede hizmete haz\u0131r hale getirdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n B\u00dcY\u00dcK TAARRUZ VE ZAFER<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u00fcrk Ordusu 26 A\u011fustos 1922 sabah\u0131 B\u00fcy\u00fck Taarruz’a ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u0131rada demiryollar\u0131 y\u00f6netimi de t\u00fcm olanaklar\u0131n\u0131 zafer i\u00e7i,n seferber etmi\u015f bulunuyordu. Ordu’nun \u201c 6 ayda a\u015f\u0131lamaz \u201c denilen d\u00fc\u015fman tahkimat\u0131n\u0131 bir g\u00fcnde y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m h\u0131z\u0131yla a\u015fmas\u0131, geriden gelen ve ordunun yiyecek, cephane, malzeme ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan trenlerin de ayn\u0131 h\u0131za sahip olmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektirmekteydi. Ancak ortaya bir sorun \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f, d\u00fc\u015fman demiryolunun Afyon \u2013 \u00c7obanlar istasyonu aras\u0131ndaki kesimini t\u00fcm\u00fcyle tahrip etmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Olay yerinde yap\u0131lan ke\u015fifte, hatt\u0131n onar\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7in gerekli malzemenin sa\u011flanmas\u0131 halinde dahi i\u015fler hale getirilebilmesi i\u00e7in 20 g\u00fcnl\u00fck \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya ihtiya\u00e7 duyuldu\u011fu saptand\u0131. T\u00fcrk askeri, d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131 Ege ovalar\u0131nda \u00f6n\u00fcne katm\u0131\u015f, \u0130zmir’e do\u011fru kovalarken ikmal trenlerinin gecikmesi kesin zaferi geciktirilebilirdi. Genelkurmaydan, genel m\u00fcd\u00fcr Behi\u00e7 ( Erkin ) Beye g\u00f6nderilen telgrafta hatt\u0131n m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olan s\u00fcratle onar\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n ordunun ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7abukla\u015ft\u0131raca\u011f\u0131 bildiriliyordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcr Behi\u00e7 Bey, herkesi seferber etti. Hatt\u0131n Afyon’dan Eski\u015fehir y\u00f6n\u00fcne do\u011fru olan Gazl\u0131g\u00f6l ve Hamam y\u00f6resinde ki b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcyle traversler s\u00f6k\u00fclerek buraya nakledildi. D\u00fc\u015fman\u0131n tahrip etti\u011fi raylar da kesilerek eklemeli olarak kullan\u0131\u015fl\u0131 hale getirildi. \u00c7evredeki k\u00f6yl\u00fclerin de yard\u0131m\u0131yla \u00fc\u00e7 yerden onar\u0131ma ba\u015fland\u0131. Onar\u0131m \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 gece g\u00fcnd\u00fcz 20 saat s\u00fcr\u00fcyor, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar 4 saatlik bir uyku ile yetinmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorlard\u0131. Genelkurmaydan herg\u00fcn son durum soruluyordu. Behi\u00e7 Bey, hatt\u0131n enge\u00e7 9 g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde a\u00e7\u0131laca\u011f\u0131na s\u00f6z vermi\u015fti ve bu s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc de zamana kar\u015f\u0131 yar\u0131\u015farak tuttu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 7 Eyl\u00fcl 1922 sabah\u0131, lokomotifi bayraklarla s\u00fcsl\u00fc ilk tren d\u00fcd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc \u00f6tt\u00fcrerek Afyon’a giriyor, uzun uzun \u00e7alan d\u00fcd\u00fckler demiryolcular\u0131n zaferini herkese duyuruyordu. Behi\u00e7 Bey, sonralar\u0131 bu onar\u0131m\u0131n ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6nemi \u015f\u00f6yle anlatm\u0131\u015ft\u0131:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201c… Tahrip edilmi\u015f raylar\u0131 kesmek ve tekrar takmak suretiyle \u00c7obanlar \u2013 Afyon Karahisar aras\u0131ndaki yirmi kilometrelik yol dokuz g\u00fcnde tamir edilmi\u015fti ki vesaiti m\u00fckemmel memleketlerde bile bundan fazlas\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. Bu sayede harekat\u0131 harbiye’nin onuncu g\u00fcn\u00fc katarlar \u00c7obanlar’dan itibaren y\u00fczyirmi kilometre ilerde \u0130slamk\u00f6y\u00fc ( Banaz ) c\u0131var\u0131na kadar i\u015fleyerek ordunun erzak ve cephanesini yeti\u015ftirmi\u015ftir…\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Hatt\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131yla birlikte, kimilerinin g\u00f6vdesinde kur\u015fun izleri bulunan lokomotiflerin \u00e7ekti\u011fi trenler, muzaffer T\u00fcrk Ordusunun ard\u0131ndan \u0130zmir’e do\u011fru akmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. \u00d6zg\u00fcr trenler, y\u0131llar s\u00fcren \u00f6zlemi gidermeye ko\u015fuyorlard\u0131 ya\u011f\u0131z bir k\u00fcheylan gibi… Onlar da g\u00fczel \u0130zmir’i \u00e7ok \u00f6zlemi\u015flerdi \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc…<\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n BEH\u0130\u00c7 BEY’\u0130N EV\u0130NE G\u0130ZL\u0130CE GELEN KONUK K\u0130MD\u0130 ?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n B\u00dcY\u00dcK Taarruzla ilgili son haz\u0131rl\u0131klar\u0131n s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc g\u00fcnlerde Anadolu \u2013 Ba\u011fdat Demiryollar\u0131 Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc Behi\u00e7 Bey Konya’da bulunuyordu. A\u011fustos ay\u0131 ortalar\u0131nda birg\u00fcn , kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda hi\u00e7 ummad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir ki\u015fiyi g\u00f6r\u00fcnce \u00e7ok \u015fa\u015f\u0131rd\u0131, ama ayn\u0131 zamanda sevindi de. Bu ki\u015fi Ba\u015fkum andan Mustafa Kemal’di!<\/p>\n\n\n\n Behi\u00e7 Bey, bu olay\u0131 an\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 yazan Ziya G\u00fcrel’e \u015f\u00f6yle anlatm\u0131\u015ft\u0131:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201c 17 A\u011fustos’ta \u00f6\u011fle yeme\u011finden sonra ben siyes yap\u0131yordum. ( uyuyordum ) A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da bir g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fc duydum. Akabinde Mustafa Kemal Pa\u015fa’n\u0131n odama girdi\u011fini g\u00f6rd\u00fcm. Bana: ( Gizli geldim. Burada kalaca\u011f\u0131m kimse duymas\u0131n ) dedi. Zira Konya’da kendi evi vard\u0131. Halbuki o g\u00fcn Ankara’da ajans Mustafa Kemal Pa\u015fa’n\u0131n bir \u00e7aya davetli oldu\u011funu bildiriyordu. Gazi biraz rahats\u0131zd\u0131. \u0130ki g\u00fcn benim evde kald\u0131. Gizli bir tren istedi. Gece Ak\u015fehir’e gitti. Tekrar Konya’ya geldi. Bana ( Ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m haberleri yanyana koyuyorum. Art\u0131k d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131 memleketten atmak zaman\u0131 gelmi\u015ftir.\u201d dedi ve tekrar Ak\u015fehir’e gitti. Bu seyahatler hep gece ve gizli yap\u0131l\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 26 A\u011fustos sabah\u0131 ( Dakika tehiri mucidi idamd\u0131r ) ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 Ba\u015fkumandan imzal\u0131 \u015fifreli bir telgraf ald\u0131m. Telgraf\u0131 a\u00e7t\u0131k. Taarruzun ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bildiriyor ve hari\u00e7le her t\u00fcrl\u00fc m\u00fcnakale ve muhaberenin kesilmesini emrediyordu. Bu emri derhal yapt\u0131k. Fakat i\u015fin m\u00fc\u015fk\u00fcl yan\u0131 bu emri \u0130stanbul ile temas\u0131 \u00e7ok olan Adapazar\u0131 \u0130\u015fletme M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne zaman\u0131nda tebli\u011f etmek idi. Zira telgraflar g\u00fcnlerce sonra gidiyordu. D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcm, \u015fu tarz ba\u015f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k telgraf yazd\u0131m. ( dakika tehiri mucibi idamd\u0131r ) ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile Ba\u015fkumandan Mustafa Kemal Pa\u015fa Hazretlerinden ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m emir a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dad\u0131r \u201c Bundan sonras\u0131n\u0131 \u015fifreli olarak ikmal ettim. Hakikaten \u015fifreyi tam vaktinde alarak \u0130stanbul’a hareket etmek \u00fczere olan treni durdurmu\u015flar…\u201d <\/p>\n\n\n\n AFYON’UN KURTULU\u015eU<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Behi\u00e7 Erkin, Afyon’un kurtulu\u015funu bir demiryolu memurunun m\u00fcjdeledi\u011fini de belirtiyor:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201c B\u00fcy\u00fck \u00c7obanlar \u0130stasyonundan sonra be\u015f kilometre uzaktaki bir yere bir memur ve telgraf makinesi koymu\u015ftuk. Buradaki memurumuzdan 27 A\u011fustos’ta ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z telgrafta ordumuzun Afyon Karahisar’a girdi\u011fi bildiriliyordu. Bu m\u00fcjdeyi Konya’da gereken makamlara bildirdim. O memura da bir maa\u015f nisbetinde ikramiye verdim.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n ( Kaynak : Ziya G\u00fcrel , \u201c Kurtulu\u015f Sava\u015f\u0131’nda Demiryolculuk \u201c)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n ULUSAL DEM\u0130RYOLCULU\u011eUN KURUCULARI ARASINDA YER ALMI\u015eTI<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201c ATE\u015e YILLARINDA BEH\u0130\u00c7 BEY \u201c<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n SELAN\u0130K \u0130ltisak ( Ba\u011flant\u0131 ) Hatt\u0131 Muhaf\u0131z Kuvvetleri Komutanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 m\u00fcfetti\u015fi Kurmay Albay Behi\u00e7 ( Erkin ) Bey, Kurtulu\u015f Sava\u015f\u0131na kat\u0131lmak \u00fczere \u0130stanbul’dan ka\u00e7\u0131p Ankara’ya gelirken kendisini nas\u0131l bir g\u00f6revin bekledi\u011fini bilmiyordu. 1920 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n Temmuz ba\u015f\u0131nda Ankara’da g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Genelkurmay Ba\u015fkan\u0131 \u0130smet ( \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc ) Bey, O’na ikinci ba\u015fkanl\u0131k g\u00f6revini teklif etmi\u015f , bu arada o s\u0131rada Naf\u0131a ( Bay\u0131nd\u0131rl\u0131k ) Vekili ( Bakan\u0131 ) olan \u0130smail Faz\u0131l Pa\u015fa’n\u0131n Anadolu \u2013 Ba\u011fdat Demiryollar\u0131 Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc teklifiyle de kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Cephede sava\u015fmak isteyen Behi\u00e7 Bey , bu ikinci teklife pek s\u0131cak bakmazken Mustafa Kemal’in \u00f6nerisiyle kabul etmi\u015f, ancak k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede bu i\u015fin de cepheden farks\u0131z oldu\u011funu anlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bu adeta bir ‘ Sava\u015f i\u00e7inde sava\u015f’t\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Behi\u00e7 Bey g\u00f6reve ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman demiryollar\u0131n\u0131n durumu pek parlak de\u011fildi. \u00dclkenin bir\u00e7ok yerinde demiryoluna i\u015fgal g\u00fc\u00e7leri taraf\u0131ndan elkonulmu\u015f, di\u011fer b\u00f6lgelerdeki ray, vagon, lokomotif gibi malzeme ve ara\u00e7lar al\u0131narak i\u015fgal b\u00f6lgelerine g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f, maliyede demiryollar\u0131na verecek para kalmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc az\u0131nl\u0131klara mensuptu ve haberle\u015fme de yabanc\u0131 bir dille, Frans\u0131zca yap\u0131l\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n B\u00dcY\u00dcK \u00d6ZVER\u0130<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Nizami ordu kuruluncaya kadar pek\u00e7ok \u015feyde oldu\u011fu gibi demiryollar\u0131nda da bir karga\u015fa ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bunun nedenleri demiryoluna m\u00fcdahale edenlerin say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n fazla olmas\u0131 , ileti\u015fim ve koordinasyon eksiklikleri olarak a\u00e7\u0131klanabilir. Genel olarak demiryollar\u0131, birinci derecede ordunun ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131 i\u00e7in d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f, bunun i\u00e7in belirli yerler aras\u0131nda askeri ama\u00e7l\u0131 trenler i\u015fletilmi\u015f, bunun yan\u0131s\u0131ra Kuvay-\u0131 Milliye’ye yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan \u00e7etelerin de tren talepleri kar\u015f\u0131lanmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu talepler birara \u00f6ylesine \u00e7o\u011falm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ki i\u015fletme kimilerini kar\u015f\u0131layamaz hale gelmi\u015fti. \u00d6rne\u011fin Demirci Mehmet Efe , bir seferinde \u00fc\u00e7 katar birden isteyerek bu alanda rekor k\u0131rm\u0131\u015f, trenleri ne yapaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da a\u00e7\u0131klamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Efelerin kimileri de trenleri istedikleri yerde silah ate\u015fleyerek durdurup biniyor, istedi\u011fi yerde iniyordu. K\u00f6y\u00fcne gitmek i\u00e7in istasyonlardan makine ( lokomotif ) isteyenler bile olmaktayd\u0131!<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bunun yan\u0131s\u0131ra lokomotifler odunla \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yordu ve h\u0131zlar\u0131 yava\u015ft\u0131. Ula\u015ft\u0131rma hizmeti g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fckle yap\u0131l\u0131yordu. Nitekim bu yava\u015fl\u0131k Mustafa Kemal’in de dikkatini \u00e7ekti\u011finden 15 \u015eubat 1921 g\u00fcn\u00fc Behi\u00e7 Bey’e bir telgraf \u00e7ekerek trenlerin \u201c En son h\u0131zla gitmesini \u201c istemi\u015f, Behi\u00e7 Bey ise verdi\u011fi cevapta trenlerin daha h\u0131zl\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 halinde raydan \u00e7\u0131kabilece\u011fini belirterek bu iste\u011fi yerine getirememi\u015fti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Demiryolu \u00fczerinde s\u00f6z sahiibi olmak isteyen taraflar aras\u0131nda koordinasyon da yoktu. \u00d6rne\u011fin yerel direni\u015f\u00e7iler d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131n gelmesi muhtemel olan bir b\u00f6lgeye giden demiryolunun, yarma i\u00e7indeki uzaktan g\u00f6r\u00fcnmeyen b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc havaya u\u00e7urmu\u015f, ancak askeri makamlara bu eylemi bildirmediklerinden devrilen tren T\u00fcrk askerlerini getiren katar olmu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Orman \u0130\u015fletmesinin, paras\u0131 \u00f6denmedi\u011fi gerek\u00e7esiyle odun vermeyi zaman zaman kesmesi de i\u015fletmeyi g\u00fc\u00e7 durumda b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Hayati \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131yan \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc Sava\u015flar\u0131 \u00f6ncesi demiryollar\u0131 personeli birer maa\u015f\u0131n\u0131 idareye ba\u011f\u0131\u015flayarak lokomotifler i\u00e7in gerekli odunun al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Odun bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 zamanlarda vagonlar\u0131n tahta k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131 s\u00f6k\u00fcl\u00fcp yak\u0131l\u0131yordu. Maliye de demiryollar\u0131na yeterli \u00f6denek ay\u0131ramamaktayd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Behi\u00e7 Bey genel merkezini Konya’ya ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 demiryollar\u0131nda adeta d\u00fc\u015fmanla sava\u015fa girdi. Makinisti, ate\u015f\u00e7isi, makas\u00e7\u0131s\u0131, istasyon telgraf\u00e7\u0131s\u0131, hareket memuru, t\u00fcm vatanseverler bu sava\u015f\u0131n i\u00e7indeydi. Ama\u00e7 demiryollar\u0131ndaki karga\u015fay\u0131 \u00f6nlemek , \u201c Kurtulu\u015f demiryoluyla olacak\u201d diyen Ba\u015fkomutan Mustafa Kemal’e mah\u00e7up olmadan ordunun ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamakt\u0131. Para yoktu. Yak\u0131t yoktu, yedek malzeme yoktu ve \u00fcstelik d\u00fc\u015fman tahribat\u0131 da \u00e7oktu. Behi\u00e7 Bey, t\u00fcm bu yokluklar\u0131n \u00fcstesinden gelerek trenlerin d\u00fczenli \u015fekilde i\u015flemesi i\u00e7in \u00e7aba harcad\u0131. \u0130ki kez \u00e7e\u015fitli nedenlerle istifa etmesine ra\u011fmen, istek \u00fczerine kritik g\u00fcnlerde demiryollar\u0131n\u0131 b\u0131rakmad\u0131, g\u00f6revini s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmeye devam etti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n SAVA\u015e \u0130\u00c7\u0130NDE HAT D\u00d6\u015eEN\u0130YOR<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Sava\u015f i\u00e7inde bir yandan d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131n tahrip etti\u011fi k\u00f6pr\u00fc ve demiryollar\u0131 onar\u0131l\u0131rken, bir yandan da ordunun ihtiya\u00e7 g\u00f6stermesi \u00fczerine Azar\u0131k\u00f6y \u2013 Cihanbeyli aras\u0131nda zamana kar\u015f\u0131 yar\u0131\u015f\u0131larak 50 kilometre uzunlu\u011funda hat in\u015fa edildi. Bu hatta g\u00fcnde 800 ton malzeme ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131, orduya b\u00fcy\u00fck kolayl\u0131k sa\u011flad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Daha sava\u015f y\u0131llar\u0131nda demiryolunun T\u00fcrkler taraf\u0131ndaan i\u015fletilmesi ve demiryolu dilinin de T\u00fcrk\u00e7e olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini savunan Behi\u00e7 Bey, bu fikrini ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in de \u00e7aba harcad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 B\u00fcy\u00fck Taarruz s\u0131ras\u0131nda d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131n tahrip etti\u011fi Afyon \u00c7obanlar demiryolunun 9\u00a0 g\u00fcn gibi k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcrede onar\u0131larak hizmete a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 da demiryolcular\u0131n orduya zafer arma\u011fan\u0131 oldu.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n KURUCU GENEL M\u00dcD\u00dcR<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Cumhuriyetin ilan\u0131ndan sonra 24 May\u0131s 1924 tarihinde TBMM’nin kabul etti\u011fi yasayla Kurtulu\u015f Sava\u015f\u0131’n\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131ndan sonuna kadar demir yollar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131ran \u201c Ge\u00e7ici y\u00f6netim \u201c yerini Bay\u0131nd\u0131rl\u0131k Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak kurulan Anadolu \u2013 Ba\u011fdat Demiryollar\u0131 Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne b\u0131rakt\u0131. \u0130lk Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe de 1920 y\u0131l\u0131ndan beri bu g\u00f6revde bulunan Behi\u00e7 ( Erkin ) Bey atand\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z anlam\u0131na gelen Erkin soyad\u0131n\u0131 Atat\u00fcrk’\u00fcn verdi\u011fi Behi\u00e7 Bey, kurucu m\u00fcd\u00fcr olarak g\u00f6rev yaparken gen\u00e7 Cumhuriyeti demira\u011flarla \u00f6rme seferberli\u011fine de b\u00fcy\u00fck katk\u0131da bulundu. 1926 y\u0131l\u0131nda bu g\u00f6revden ayr\u0131larak Bay\u0131nd\u0131rl\u0131k Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na atand\u0131. Daha sonralar\u0131 Budape\u015fte ve Paris B\u00fcy\u00fckel\u00e7ilikleri g\u00f6revlerinde bulundu. 1943 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00c7ank\u0131r\u0131 Milletvekili olarak meclise girdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 13 Kas\u0131m 1961 g\u00fcn\u00fc, 85 ya\u015f\u0131ndayken aram\u0131zdan ayr\u0131lan Behi\u00e7 Erkin beyin naa\u015f\u0131 vasiyeti \u00fczerine Eski\u015fehir , \u0130stanbul ve Afyon demiryollar\u0131n\u0131n kesi\u015fti\u011fi Enveriye \u0130stasyonu yak\u0131nlar\u0131nda topra\u011fa, ad\u0131 da Ankara yak\u0131nlar\u0131nda bir istasyona verildi.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n D\u00dc\u015eMANIN YAKTI\u011eI AFYON ALEVLER \u0130\u00c7\u0130NDE YANARKEN<\/strong> HAL\u0130DE ONBA\u015eI CEPHEYE NASIL G\u0130TT\u0130 ?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u00dcRK Ordusunun B\u00fcy\u00fck Taarruzu sonucu Afyon’un 27 A\u011fustos 1922 g\u00fcn\u00fc d\u00fc\u015fman i\u015fgalinden kurtuldu\u011fu haberi bayram sevinci yarat\u0131rken, Anadolu \u2013 Ba\u011fdat Demiryollar\u0131 Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc Behi\u00e7 (Erkin ) Bey, M\u00fclazim-i Evvel ( \u00dcste\u011fmen ) Zihni ( \u00dcner ) Bey’i \u2013 sonralar\u0131 TCDD Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc olacakt\u0131r \u2013 makam\u0131na \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131p \u015fu emri verdi:<\/p>\n\n\n\n Zihni Bey heyecan i\u00e7inde alelacele haz\u0131rland\u0131. Konya Gar\u0131’nda kendisini bekleyen otodrezine binece\u011fi s\u0131rada yan\u0131nda ba\u015ftan a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 siyahlara b\u00fcr\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f, gen\u00e7, g\u00fczel ve zarif bir kad\u0131n belirdi. Hemen tan\u0131d\u0131. Halide han\u0131md\u0131 bu ki\u015fi. \u201c Afyon’un zapt\u0131 g\u00fcn\u00fc Garp Cephesi Komutanl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndaki vazifesi ba\u015f\u0131na d\u00f6nme emrini ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u201c s\u00f6yleyen Halide Han\u0131m onunla birlikte gitmek istedi\u011fini s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Zihni Beyle Halide Edip han\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n demiryolundan yapt\u0131klar\u0131 yolculuk \u00c7ay \u0130stasyonuna kadar s\u00fcrd\u00fc. Burada \u00f6teye hat tahrip edildi\u011fi i\u00e7in otodrezinle gidilemiyordu. Ak\u015fam\u00fczeri \u00c7ay il\u00e7esinde bulduklar\u0131 askeri bir kamyonetle Afyon’a hareket ettiler. Zihni Beyin ifadesine g\u00f6re gece karanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u015fof\u00f6r bir ara yolunu \u015fa\u015f\u0131rd\u0131, bu s\u0131rada Halide Han\u0131m d\u00fc\u015fman eline d\u00fc\u015fme korkusu ge\u00e7irdi. Do\u011fru yolu ancak d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131n yakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 Afyon \u015fehrinden y\u00fckselen alevleri g\u00f6r\u00fcnce bulabildiler Zihni Bey , istasyonda inerken Halide Han\u0131m yoluna devam etti… \u201c <\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Ertan \u00dcNAL Mart 2006 DEM\u0130RYOLU SAVA\u015e\u00c7ILARI Bu y\u0131l 150. kurulu\u015f y\u0131ld\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc kutlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z demiryolu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n\u0131n dedeleri Kurtulu\u015f Sava\u015f\u0131’n\u0131n zaferle sonu\u00e7lanmas\u0131na canlar\u0131yla, kanlar\u0131yla ve becerileriyle katk\u0131da bulunmu\u015flard\u0131. Ama \u00fclkemizde hala ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bir demiryollar\u0131 tarihi yaz\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, kahramanlar da tevazular\u0131ndan g\u00f6lgede kalmay\u0131 tercih ettiklerinden bug\u00fcne kadar isimleri pek duyulmad\u0131, yaz\u0131lmad\u0131. Onlar aras\u0131nda silaha sar\u0131l\u0131p d\u00fc\u015fmana kar\u015f\u0131 koyanlar oldu\u011fu gibi, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":69,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_regular_price":[],"currency_symbol":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[83,88,86,89,85,84,82,87],"class_list":["post-67","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-anadolu-bagdat-demiryollari","tag-behic-bey","tag-eskisehir","tag-halide-onbasi","tag-nazilli","tag-tcdd","tag-turk-demiryolcular","tag-yunan-savas-ucaklari"],"post_slider_layout_featured_media_urls":{"thumbnail":["https:\/\/ertanunal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2006\/03\/demiryolcular-150x150.jpg",150,150,true],"post_slider_layout_landscape_large":["https:\/\/ertanunal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2006\/03\/demiryolcular.jpg",740,363,false],"post_slider_layout_portrait_large":["https:\/\/ertanunal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2006\/03\/demiryolcular.jpg",740,363,false],"post_slider_layout_square_large":["https:\/\/ertanunal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2006\/03\/demiryolcular.jpg",740,363,false],"post_slider_layout_landscape":["https:\/\/ertanunal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2006\/03\/demiryolcular-600x363.jpg",600,363,true],"post_slider_layout_portrait":["https:\/\/ertanunal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2006\/03\/demiryolcular-600x363.jpg",600,363,true],"post_slider_layout_square":["https:\/\/ertanunal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2006\/03\/demiryolcular-600x363.jpg",600,363,true],"full":["https:\/\/ertanunal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2006\/03\/demiryolcular.jpg",740,363,false]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ertanunal.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/67","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ertanunal.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ertanunal.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ertanunal.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ertanunal.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=67"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/ertanunal.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/67\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":68,"href":"https:\/\/ertanunal.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/67\/revisions\/68"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ertanunal.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/69"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ertanunal.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=67"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ertanunal.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=67"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ertanunal.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=67"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}\n
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