{"id":267,"date":"2026-07-09T21:24:19","date_gmt":"2026-07-09T18:24:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ertanunal.com\/?p=267"},"modified":"2026-07-09T21:24:20","modified_gmt":"2026-07-09T18:24:20","slug":"missouri-istanbulda","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ertanunal.com\/?p=267","title":{"rendered":"Missouri \u0130stanbul\u2019da"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u2018Amerikan Coni\u2019sini tan\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z g\u00fcnler\u2019<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sovyet tehdidinin T\u00fcrkiye \u00fczerine bir kabus gibi \u00e7\u00f6kt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc g\u00fcnlerde, Amerikan Donanmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc sava\u015f gemisi Missouri \u0130stanbul\u2019dayd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cemal Nadir’in karikat\u00fcr\u00fc O g\u00fcnlerin mizah dergisi Akbaba’n\u0131n kapa\u011f\u0131nda yay\u0131mlanan bu karikat\u00fcr\u00fcn lejand\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yleydi: -T\u00fcrk t\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fc… -Duman\u0131ndan belli!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Ertan \u00dcnal <\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Nisan 2002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u0130stanbul, 1946 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n Mart ay\u0131nda belki de iki bin y\u0131ll\u0131k tarihinin en b\u00fcy\u00fck haz\u0131rl\u0131k, temizlik ve d\u00fczenleme \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 i\u00e7indeydi. Missouri ve refakatindeki sava\u015f gemileriyle gelecek Amerikan denizcilerinin karaya \u00e7\u0131kaca\u011f\u0131 Dolmabah\u00e7e\u2019de y\u0131llard\u0131r duran moloz dolu arsalar temizlenirken, Dolmabah\u00e7e Camii\u2019nin k\u0131r\u0131k camlar\u0131 bir g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde de\u011fi\u015ftiriliyor, caddeler sulan\u0131yor, duvarlar y\u0131rt\u0131k afi\u015flerden ar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131l\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Haz\u0131rl\u0131klar bununla da kalmam\u0131\u015f, K\u0131zkulesi’nin \u00fczerine ‘Welcome Missouri’ yaz\u0131s\u0131 oturtulmu\u015f, T\u00fcrk mahyac\u0131l\u0131k tarihinde ilk kez bir camiye, Dolmabah\u00e7e’deki Bezmialem Valide Sultan Camii’nin minareleri aras\u0131na ‘Welcome’ mahyas\u0131 as\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, b\u00fcy\u00fck yap\u0131lar \u0131\u015f\u0131kland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Beyo\u011flu ve Kapal\u0131\u00e7ar\u015f\u0131\u2019daki haz\u0131rl\u0131klar ise ticari ama\u00e7l\u0131yd\u0131. Bir\u00e7ok ma\u011faza sahibi vitrinlerine \u2018Burada \u0130ngilizce konu\u015fulur\u2019, \u2018De\u011ferli misafirlerimiz ho\u015fgeldiniz\u2019 yaz\u0131l\u0131 pankartlar yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015f, antikac\u0131larda bekleyen ne kadar pistov, kama, k\u0131l\u0131\u00e7 varsa hepsi tozlar\u0131 al\u0131n\u0131p temizlenerek vitrinlere konulmu\u015ftu. Bar ve pavyon i\u015fletmecileri de ayr\u0131 bir tela\u015f i\u00e7inde, Amerikal\u0131 konuklar\u0131 ho\u015fnut edecek programlar haz\u0131rlama derdine d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015flerdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu haz\u0131rl\u0131k yar\u0131\u015f\u0131nda PTT ve \u0130nhisarlar \u0130daresi (Tekel) de di\u011ferlerinden geri kalmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. PTT; \u00fczerinde Missouri\u2019nin resminin bulundu\u011fu 3 puldan olu\u015fan bir seri \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015f, \u0130nhisarlar \u0130daresi ise T\u00fcrk t\u00fct\u00fcnlerinden \u00f6zel olarak harmanlanm\u0131\u015f, 50\u2019\u015fer sigaral\u0131k paketlerden olu\u015fan \u2018Missouri sigaras\u0131\u2019 haz\u0131rlatm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u00dcretilen 30 bin paket sigaran\u0131n bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc Amerikal\u0131 konuklara \u00fccretsiz olarak da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lacakt\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Amerikal\u0131lar\u0131n k\u00fclt\u00fcrl\u00fc insanlar olduklar\u0131, tiyatro ve sinemaya gidebilecekleri de d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclerek \u0130stanbul\u2019un \u00fc\u00e7 se\u00e7kin sinemas\u0131n\u0131n balkonlar\u0131, ayr\u0131ca tiyatrolarda her gece 80 ki\u015filik yer, onlara tahsis edilmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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IETT, en yeni otob\u00fcslerini ay\u0131r\u0131rken, Amerikal\u0131 konuklara tramvaylara \u00f6n kap\u0131dan binme ayr\u0131cal\u0131\u011f\u0131 tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f, taksiye binmek isteyecekler i\u00e7in de son model taksiler se\u00e7ilmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u0130stanbul Valili\u011fi hediye olarak bir g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f plaket haz\u0131rlatm\u0131\u015f, Ticaret Odas\u0131 da gemi personeline Atlas Okyanusu\u2019na \u00e7\u0131k\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman kura ile da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lmak \u00fczere, Hereke\u2019de \u00f6zel olarak 18 nadide hal\u0131 dokutturmu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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B\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc nedeniyle gazetelerin \u2018Uskurlu Ada\u2019 ad\u0131n\u0131 takt\u0131klar\u0131 Missouri, Dolmabah\u00e7e Saray\u0131\u2019n\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda demir att\u0131 (\u00fcstte).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u0130stanbul, 5 Nisan 1946 sabah\u0131 ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc g\u00fcnlerinden birini daha ya\u015f\u0131yordu. Halk, \u00c7ekmece\u2019den Sarayburnu\u2019na, Kartal\u2019dan Kad\u0131k\u00f6y\u2019e kadar uzanan k\u0131y\u0131 boyunca ve Bo\u011faz\u2019da yollara d\u00f6k\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f, denizin \u00fcst\u00fc de Missouri\u2019yi kar\u015f\u0131lamaya haz\u0131rlanan motor ve kay\u0131klarla adeta mah\u015fere d\u00f6nm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Saatler 08.50\u2019yi g\u00f6sterirken Missouri, Yavuz\u2019un biraz ilerisinde demirledi. Geminin g\u00fcvertesinde bulunan T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Washington B\u00fcy\u00fckel\u00e7isi Mehmet M\u00fcnir Erteg\u00fcn\u2019\u00fcn naa\u015f\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck bir t\u00f6renle karaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131p topra\u011fa verilirken, ABD Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Truman\u2019\u0131n \u00f6zel temsilcisi A. W. Weddell gazetecilere \u015fu a\u00e7\u0131klamay\u0131 yap\u0131yordu: \u201cBiz Missouri ile T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye iki millet aras\u0131ndaki b\u00fcy\u00fck dostlu\u011fu sembolize etmek i\u00e7in geldik. Missouri\u2019yi getirmekle milletleraras\u0131 nezaket sahas\u0131nda en y\u00fcksek bir jest yapmak istedik.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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AMER\u0130KAN TARZI ALI\u015eVER\u0130\u015e<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Geminin m\u00fcrettebat\u0131, 5 Nisan 1946 g\u00fcn\u00fc Dolmabah\u00e7e’de karaya ayak basarken hi\u00e7 \u015f\u00fcphesiz b\u00f6ylesine s\u0131cak bir ilgi ve sevgiyle <\/p>\n\n\n\n

kar\u015f\u0131lanacaklar\u0131n\u0131 ummuyordu. Dolmabah\u00e7e r\u0131ht\u0131m\u0131 adeta bayram yerine d\u00f6nm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Seyyar sat\u0131c\u0131lar, \u0130ngilizcelerini ilerletmek i\u00e7in Amerikal\u0131 denizcilere rehberlik yapmak isteyen kolejli gen\u00e7ler, k\u0131y\u0131ya kurduklar\u0131 d\u00fcrb\u00fcnlerle sava\u015f gemilerini para kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 halka izlettirenler, Amerikal\u0131lar\u0131 yak\u0131ndan g\u00f6r\u00fcp tan\u0131mak isteyenler ortal\u0131\u011f\u0131 doldurmu\u015flard\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u0130stanbullular\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu ilk kez g\u00f6rd\u00fckleri bu uzun boylu, zay\u0131f ama daima g\u00fclery\u00fczl\u00fc Amerikal\u0131 denizcileri pek sevmi\u015flerdi. \u00d6zellikle mavi \u00fcniformalar\u0131 i\u00e7inde bol pa\u00e7al\u0131 pantolonlar\u0131 pek dikkat \u00e7ekiciydi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Kapal\u0131\u00e7ar\u015f\u0131’ya ve antikac\u0131 d\u00fckkanlar\u0131na h\u00fccum eden Amerikal\u0131 denizciler, en b\u00fcy\u00fck ilgiyi ‘eski padi\u015fahlardan kald\u0131\u011f\u0131’ kendilerine s\u00f6ylenen k\u0131l\u0131\u00e7 ve kamalara g\u00f6sterirken; subaylar daha \u00e7ok hal\u0131 almay\u0131 tercih ediyorlard\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u00dc\u00e7 gemi ile gelen 5 bine yak\u0131n denizci, 4 g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde d\u00fckkanlara 300 bin dolar b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015f ve esnaf\u0131n y\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00fcld\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Missouri’nin \u0130stanbul’da kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 4 g\u00fcn boyunca geceleri Beyo\u011flu’ndaki bar ve pavyonlarda sazlar Amerikal\u0131lar i\u00e7in \u00e7ald\u0131, dans\u00f6zler en k\u0131vrak danslar\u0131n\u0131 Amerikal\u0131lar i\u00e7in yapt\u0131…<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u00c7\u0130FT Y\u00d6NL\u00dc TRAF\u0130K<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Gemilerdeki personel, gruplar halinde karaya \u00e7\u0131karken \u0130stanbullular da \u00f6nceden edindikleri davetiyelerle, Missouri’nin heybeti yan\u0131nda sandal gibi kalan \u015fehir hatlar\u0131 vapurlar\u0131yla z\u0131rhl\u0131ya ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131yordu. Koca g\u00fcverte, gelenlerin \u00e7oklu\u011fu nedeniyle adeta \u0130stiklal Caddesi gibiydi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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1946\u2019da Missouri z\u0131rhl\u0131s\u0131na ilk \u2018Ho\u015fgeldin\u2019 diyen, K\u0131zkulesi olmu\u015ftu<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Ziyaret\u00e7iler en fazla toplar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ile sava\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda bir Japon intihar u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7arpt\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerden etkileniyor, burada hat\u0131ra foto\u011fraf\u0131 \u00e7ektiriyordu. Japonya ile \u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131’na son veren bar\u0131\u015f antla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n imzaland\u0131\u011f\u0131 yer ise ayr\u0131 bir merak konusuydu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Ramiz’in o g\u00fcnlerin gazetelerinde yer alan karikat\u00fcr\u00fcnde \u015fu lejand okunur: -Japonlar i\u015fte burada bize teslim oldular. -Size teslim olmamaya imkan var m\u0131?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Oysa karikat\u00fcre konu olan plaketin anlam\u0131 \u00e7ok farkl\u0131d\u0131r: Plaket bu noktaya, bir japon intihar u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7arpmas\u0131 nedeniyle konulmu\u015ftur!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gemiyi ziyaret edenlere bir an\u0131 olarak, o y\u0131llarda T\u00fcrkiye’de \u00fcretilmeyen po\u015fet tipi kibrit veriliyordu. Bu kibritler \u0130nhisarlar \u0130daresi’nin \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131 kibritlerden \u015fikayet\u00e7i olan tiryakilerin pek ho\u015funa gitmi\u015fti. \u00c7akar \u00e7akmaz yanan, istedi\u011fin zaman s\u00f6nen bir kibritti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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DOLMABAH\u00c7E’DE BALO GECES\u0130<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Missouri ile gelen ABD Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Truman\u2019\u0131n \u00f6zel temsilcisi M. Weddell, Amerika\u2019n\u0131n Avrupa Deniz Kuvvetleri Komutan\u0131 Amiral Hewitt ile birlikte Ankara\u2019ya giderek Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc ile g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeden sonra konuklar onuruna verilen kokteyller, yemek ve ziyafetler birbirini izledi. Ama bunlar\u0131n en muhte\u015femi, 8 Nisan gecesi Dolmabah\u00e7e\u2019de Amerikal\u0131 konuklar i\u00e7in verilen b\u00fcy\u00fck balo oldu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Balonun ilgi oda\u011f\u0131, M. Weddell idi. Truman\u2019\u0131n \u00f6zel temsilcisi, \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc ile neler g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc acaba? Mr. Weddell sorular \u00fczerine, \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc\u2019ye Ba\u015fkan Truman\u2019dan bir mesaj getirdi\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131 ve \u201cTruman, \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc ve T\u00fcrk Milleti\u2019nden daha yak\u0131n ve daha s\u0131k\u0131 bir dostluk istiyor\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Bir gazetecinin yaz\u0131s\u0131nda, \u201cEkselans Weddell uzun boylu, g\u00fcler ve nurani y\u00fczl\u00fc harikulade bir insan. Burnundan tutturulmu\u015f g\u00f6zl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ile Amerikal\u0131lar\u0131n \u2018Sam Amca\u2019 dedikleri tipin ta kendisi. Tane tane konu\u015fuyor. Her s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn iyi anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 istiyor\u201d s\u00f6zleriyle tan\u0131tt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6zel temsilci, \u201cT\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi bir as\u0131rda yap\u0131lacak i\u015fi k\u0131sa bir zamana s\u0131\u011fd\u0131rm\u0131\u015f olarak g\u00f6rd\u00fcm\u201d derken salondaki orkestra bir \u2018Teksas Havas\u0131\u2019 \u00e7al\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Ak\u015fam yaz\u0131yor: \u2018Missouri \u015ferefine, iti\u015fip kak\u0131\u015fmayal\u0131m beyler\u2019<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

D\u00f6nemin \u00f6nemli gazetelerinden Ak\u015fam\u2019da, \u2018Dikkatler\u2019 k\u00f6\u015fesinde, \u0130stanbul halk\u0131na tramvaylara binerken (sa\u011f altta) iti\u015fip kak\u0131\u015fmamalar\u0131, bunun \u2018konuklar\u0131m\u0131za kar\u015f\u0131 ay\u0131p olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131\u2019 vurgulayan bir yaz\u0131 yer al\u0131r: \u201cMisafirlerimiz, Amerikan bahriyelileri tramvaylara iti\u015fe kak\u0131\u015fa bini\u015fimize hayretle bak\u0131yor. Onlar\u0131n \u015ferefine ve onlar\u0131n \u0130stanbul\u2019u ziyaretleri hat\u0131ras\u0131 olarak -sanki demirli yerlerden biniyormu\u015fuz gibi- tek tek arka arkaya dizilerek tramvaylara binmeyi, gi\u015felerden yine o suretle bilet almay\u0131 adet edinirsek, \u2018D\u00fcnyan\u0131n her \u015fehrinde tatbik edilen bir intizam\u0131 \u015fu \u0130stanbullular bunca medeniyetin varisleri olduklar\u0131 halde \u00f6\u011frenememi\u015fler\u2019 dedirtmez, mahcup d\u00fc\u015fmeyiz. Unutmamal\u0131 ki Missouri dolusu Amerikal\u0131 memleketlerine d\u00f6n\u00fcnce Yeni D\u00fcnya\u2019n\u0131n her taraf\u0131na yay\u0131l\u0131p \u0130stanbul hat\u0131ralar\u0131n\u0131 anlatacak, bizi tan\u0131tacaklar…\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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SPORT\u0130F TEMASLAR<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0130stanbullular\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu, ilk beyzbol ma\u00e7\u0131n\u0131 Amerikal\u0131lar\u0131n bu ziyareti s\u0131ras\u0131nda g\u00f6rd\u00fc. 6 Nisan g\u00fcn\u00fc Fenerbah\u00e7e Stad\u0131’nda sahaya \u00e7ivili pabu\u00e7lar\u0131, hafif g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015fi e\u015fofmanlar\u0131, k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 \u00e7orap ve kepleriyle \u00e7\u0131kan Missouri tak\u0131m\u0131, Power gemisi tak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 8-3 yendi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Missouri, 9 Nisan sabah\u0131 limandan ayr\u0131l\u0131rken denizin \u00fczeri yine mah\u015fer gibiydi. Denizyollar\u0131’na ait 9 gemi ile \u00e7ok say\u0131da motoru dolduran \u0130stanbullular, K\u0131zkulesi a\u00e7\u0131klar\u0131ndan itibaren gemileri izlemeye ba\u015flad\u0131lar ve bu u\u011furlama t\u00f6reni Ye\u015filk\u00f6y a\u00e7\u0131klar\u0131na kadar s\u00fcrd\u00fc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Bu s\u0131rada Missouri\u2019ye \u00e7ok yakla\u015fan \u00dclev gemisini dolduran halkla Amerikal\u0131 denizciler aras\u0131nda dostane vedala\u015fmalar yap\u0131l\u0131yor, gemidekiler hep bir a\u011f\u0131zdan \u2018Good by Missouri\u2019 diye ba\u011f\u0131r\u0131rken, Missouri\u2019nin g\u00fcvertesinden Amerikal\u0131lar\u0131n \u00e7ok sevdikleri dostlar\u0131 i\u00e7in s\u00f6yledikleri \u201cFor He\u2019s a Jolly Good Fellow\u201d \u015fark\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n s\u00f6zleri y\u00fckseliyordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u0130stanbul’da Missouri g\u00fcnleri sona ermi\u015f, halk normal ya\u015fant\u0131s\u0131na d\u00f6nm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Missouri bu tarihten 40 y\u0131l sonra, 11 Kas\u0131m 1986 g\u00fcn\u00fc yine \u0130stanbul’a geldi. Bu bir anlamda \u0130stanbullulara veda ziyaretiydi. Gemi \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fc\u011fe ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131, m\u00fcze yap\u0131lacakt\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Ama bu geli\u015fi ilki gibi b\u00fcy\u00fck heyecan yaratmad\u0131, ne bandolar \u00e7ald\u0131 ne kar\u015f\u0131lama ve u\u011furlama t\u00f6renleri yap\u0131ld\u0131. K\u0131rk y\u0131ldan bu yana, k\u00f6pr\u00fclerin alt\u0131ndan \u00e7ok sular akm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131lmaz f\u0131rsat: ’25 kuru\u015fa Amerika’<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Gazeteci ve yazar Naim Tiral\u0131 (altta), 1947 y\u0131l\u0131nda kaleme ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 ’25 Kuru\u015fa Amerika’ adl\u0131 \u00f6yk\u00fcs\u00fcnde, sevgilisinin \u0131srar\u0131 \u00fczerine Amerikan sava\u015f gemilerini g\u00f6rmeye giden gencin ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 anlat\u0131r. \u00d6yk\u00fc, o g\u00fcnlerin \u0130stanbul’undan ilgin\u00e7 kesitler de sunmaktad\u0131r bize:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

“Bana kalsa, yerimden bile k\u0131p\u0131rdamazd\u0131m. Her g\u00fcn gazetelerde, sinemalarda harp gemileri g\u00f6rmekten usanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131m. Bir de tutup Amerikan donanmas\u0131 gelip Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i’nde demirlemi\u015f diye rahat\u0131mdan m\u0131 olacakt\u0131m? (…) Ama sen b\u00fct\u00fcn i\u015fleri bozdun sevgilim. Sen s\u00f6ylersin de ben yapmaz olur muyum? ‘Gidip \u015fu gemileri g\u00f6relim’ dedin. (…)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Etekleri u\u00e7uran sert bir r\u00fczgar esiyordu. U\u00e7ak gemisi ve kruvaz\u00f6rler hi\u00e7bir canl\u0131l\u0131k alameti g\u00f6stermeyen muazzam deniz hayvanlar\u0131 gibi Bo\u011faz’\u0131n orta yerinde \u00e7ivilenip kalm\u0131\u015flard\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Kabata\u015f’a do\u011fru y\u00fcr\u00fcyelim dedik. Sen iskeledeki kalabal\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnce hemen sokuldun. Birka\u00e7 motor r\u0131ht\u0131ma yana\u015fm\u0131\u015f, sallan\u0131yordu. Motorlar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda sesleri sitma g\u00f6rmemi\u015f, \u00fcst\u00fc ba\u015f\u0131 peri\u015fan adamlar durmadan ba\u011f\u0131r\u0131yorlard\u0131. R\u00fczgar homurdan\u0131yor, adamlar seslerini art\u0131r\u0131yorlard\u0131. Yirmi be\u015f kuru\u015fa Amerika! Haydi baylar, bayanlar f\u0131rsat\u0131 ka\u00e7\u0131rmay\u0131n! Yirmi be\u015f kuru\u015fa Amerika’. R\u0131ht\u0131mdakiler birer iki\u015fer motorlara biniyorlar, sekiz on liral\u0131k m\u00fc\u015fteri bulan kaptanlar d\u00fcmene ge\u00e7erek yola \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yorlard\u0131. Hi\u00e7bir \u015fey s\u00f6ylemedin. Biliyordum ki bu defa ben sana teklif edecektim. Yirmi be\u015f kuru\u015f ve Amerika. Do\u011frusu ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131lacak f\u0131rsat de\u011fildi…”<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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ABD\u2019nin Missouri z\u0131rhl\u0131s\u0131 neden ve hangi \u015fartlarda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye geldi?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

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O d\u00f6nemde d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc sava\u015f gemisi Missouri\u2019nin \u0130stanbul\u2019a geli\u015fi, yaln\u0131z kentte de\u011fil, t\u00fcm T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de b\u00fcy\u00fck bir heyecan yaratm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bunun nedenini anlayabilmek i\u00e7in, o g\u00fcnlerin uluslararas\u0131 geli\u015fmelerine bakmak gerekir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n bitmesine k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre kala, sava\u015f\u0131n galiplerinden Sovyetler Birli\u011fi, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye bir nota vererek iki \u00fclke aras\u0131nda 17 Aral\u0131k 1925 g\u00fcn\u00fc imzalanm\u0131\u015f olan \u2018Dostluk ve Sald\u0131rmazl\u0131k Antla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n s\u00fcresinin uzat\u0131lmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bildirmi\u015fti. Verilen notada yeni bir antla\u015fma imzalanabilmesi i\u00e7in do\u011fu s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fiklik yap\u0131larak Kars ve Ardahan\u2019\u0131n Sovyetler\u2019e terk edilmesi, Bo\u011fazlar\u2019da \u00fcs verilmesi ve Montr\u00f6 Antla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n yeniden g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irilmesi istenmekteydi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Bu geli\u015fme, T\u00fcrk kamuoyunda b\u00fcy\u00fck tepkiyle kar\u015f\u0131land\u0131. Yurdun \u00e7e\u015fitli yerlerinde d\u00fczenlenen mitinglerle bu istekler protesto edilirken, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n g\u00f6zleri T\u00fcrkiye \u00fczerine \u00e7evrildi. T\u00fcrkiye ne yapacakt\u0131? T\u00fcrkiye de g\u00f6zlerini Amerika ve \u0130ngiltere\u2019ye \u00e7evirdi. \u0130ngiltere soruna ilgi g\u00f6stermedi. ABD ise beklenenin tam tersine, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin yan\u0131nda yer alaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steren bir tutum tak\u0131nmad\u0131. Amerika\u2019ya g\u00f6re Sovyetler\u2019in toprak talebi yaln\u0131zca iki \u00fclkeyi ilgilendiren bir sorundu ve bu \u00fclkeler aras\u0131nda dostane g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerle \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlenebilmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fc. T\u00fcrkiye diplomatik alanda yaln\u0131zl\u0131\u011fa itilmi\u015fti ve Sovyet tehdidi kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndayd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u00dclkenin d\u00f6rt bir yan\u0131nda, protesto g\u00f6sterileri ve mitingler birbirini izlemeye ba\u015flad\u0131. \u00d6zellikle milliyet\u00e7i gen\u00e7lik ayaktayd\u0131. Protesto g\u00f6sterileri, mitingler birbirini izlerken 4 Aral\u0131k 1945 g\u00fcn\u00fc \u0130stanbul\u2019da \u2018Tan\u2019, \u2018Yeni D\u00fcnya\u2019 ve \u2018La Turquie\u2019 gazetelerinin idarehaneleri, ayr\u0131ca Beyo\u011flu\u2019nda bir Sovyet vatanda\u015f\u0131n\u0131n i\u015fletti\u011fi Berrak Kitabevi, \u00fcniversite gen\u00e7li\u011fi taraf\u0131ndan tahrip edildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Sovyet bas\u0131n\u0131nda, Kars ve Ardahan\u2019\u0131n kendilerine ait oldu\u011funu iddia eden yay\u0131nlar sistematik bir \u015fekilde s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcrken, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de Genelkurmay Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Orgeneral Kaz\u0131m Orbay \u015funlar\u0131 s\u00f6yledi: \u201c\u015eimal kom\u015fumuzun bizden baz\u0131 istekleri varm\u0131\u015f. B\u00fct\u00fcn d\u00fcnya bilmelidir ki Bo\u011fazlar, T\u00fcrk Milleti\u2019nin bo\u011fazlar\u0131 ve Kars Yaylas\u0131 da belkemi\u011fimizdir. Dost olmak ve dost kalmakta iki devletin de geni\u015f menfaatleri vard\u0131r. \u015eayet T\u00fcrkiye ile Rusya dost kalmayacak olursa bu hal her ikisi i\u00e7in de b\u00fcy\u00fck zararlar ve ac\u0131lar do\u011furur. \u0130ki h\u00fck\u00fcmetin do\u011fru yoldan dostluk yolunu bir an \u00f6nce bularak eski samimiyeti iade etmelerini candan temenni ederim.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Bu a\u00e7\u0131klaman\u0131n hemen ard\u0131ndan Aral\u0131k ay\u0131 i\u00e7inde toplanan TBMM, Sovyetler\u2019in taleplerini t\u00fcm\u00fcyle reddetti. Tam da bu s\u0131rada ABD; so\u011fuk sava\u015f d\u00f6neminin kap\u0131ya dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, Stalin\u2019in taleplerinin T\u00fcrkiye ile s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 kalmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlad\u0131. ABD Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Truman \u015funlar\u0131 s\u00f6yledi: \u201cSovyetler Birli\u011fi\u2019nin T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi istila ederek Bo\u011fazlar B\u00f6lgesi\u2019ni ele ge\u00e7irmek istedi\u011finden art\u0131k \u015f\u00fcphem kalmad\u0131. E\u011fer bu gidi\u015fe demirden bir yumruk g\u00f6stererek dur demezsek yeni bir sava\u015f \u00e7\u0131kacakt\u0131r.\u201d Bu s\u00f6zler T\u00fcrk bas\u0131n\u0131nda da yer ald\u0131. Amerika, b\u00f6lgede varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermeye karar verdi\u011fini ortaya koyuyor ve Missouri, ABD\u2019nin Avrupa Deniz Kuvvetleri Komutan\u0131 Hewitt ve Truman\u2019\u0131n \u00f6zel temsilcisi Weddell ile birlikte, \u0130stanbul\u2019a geliyordu. Yazar: Ertan \u00dcNAL Nisan 2002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u2018Amerikan Coni\u2019sini tan\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z g\u00fcnler\u2019 Sovyet tehdidinin T\u00fcrkiye \u00fczerine bir kabus gibi \u00e7\u00f6kt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc g\u00fcnlerde, Amerikan Donanmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc sava\u015f gemisi Missouri \u0130stanbul\u2019dayd\u0131. Cemal Nadir’in karikat\u00fcr\u00fc O g\u00fcnlerin mizah dergisi Akbaba’n\u0131n kapa\u011f\u0131nda yay\u0131mlanan bu karikat\u00fcr\u00fcn lejand\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yleydi: -T\u00fcrk t\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fc… -Duman\u0131ndan belli! Ertan \u00dcnal Nisan 2002 \u0130stanbul, 1946 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n Mart ay\u0131nda belki de iki bin y\u0131ll\u0131k tarihinin en […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":271,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_regular_price":[],"currency_symbol":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-267","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"post_slider_layout_featured_media_urls":{"thumbnail":["https:\/\/ertanunal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/mis4-150x150.jpg",150,150,true],"post_slider_layout_landscape_large":["https:\/\/ertanunal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/mis4-1162x800.jpg",1162,800,true],"post_slider_layout_portrait_large":["https:\/\/ertanunal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/mis4-e1783621229196.jpg",640,706,false],"post_slider_layout_square_large":["https:\/\/ertanunal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/mis4-1162x1200.jpg",1162,1200,true],"post_slider_layout_landscape":["https:\/\/ertanunal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/mis4-600x400.jpg",600,400,true],"post_slider_layout_portrait":["https:\/\/ertanunal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/mis4-600x900.jpg",600,900,true],"post_slider_layout_square":["https:\/\/ertanunal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/mis4-600x600.jpg",600,600,true],"full":["https:\/\/ertanunal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/mis4-e1783621229196.jpg",640,706,false]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ertanunal.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/267","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ertanunal.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ertanunal.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ertanunal.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ertanunal.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=267"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/ertanunal.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/267\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":272,"href":"https:\/\/ertanunal.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/267\/revisions\/272"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ertanunal.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/271"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ertanunal.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=267"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ertanunal.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=267"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ertanunal.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=267"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}